3. Biosafety in case of suspected Ebola

3.8 Contamination with biological agents

3.8.3 Conjunctival or dermal route

Intact skin is an excellent barrier against most pathogen microorganisms. However, most skins present micro-lesions or abrasions which can become entry doors for microorganisms present on contaminated objects or in case of accidental spillage or splashes directly on the skin.

In addition, some germs are able to penetrate through intact healthy skin; for example: Francisella, Coxiella burnetti, Dermatophilus congolensis and Leishmania.

The ocular mucosa is particularly vulnerable to splashes, sprays and to the hand to eye transmission route.

3.8.4 Percutaneous route

The skin barrier can be breached by:

  • A needle stick

  • Cut or abrasion with broken contaminated glassware or soiled instruments

(see chapter 9.4)